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    1. 走進(jìn)萬(wàn)佳|萬(wàn)佳服務(wù): 北京總部|廣州| 溫哥華|多倫多|洛杉機(jī)|紐約
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      托福(toefl)綜合寫作考試高分必備秘籍

      2013年02月21日來(lái)源:美國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)作者: 萬(wàn)佳留學(xué)
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       初次接觸托福考試的學(xué)生總是非常擔(dān)心寫作的綜合寫作部分,也就是小作文。常提出這樣的疑問:“怎么考得這么變態(tài)???讀了又聽再寫!”其實(shí)大家完全不必為此如此焦慮,等看完下面的文章,讀完下面的四大必殺技,相信你一定會(huì)豁然開朗!

        首先,summarize,也就是概括閱讀和聽力文章的主要內(nèi)容和各三個(gè)分論點(diǎn)。這其實(shí)就是Introduction要寫的內(nèi)容,掌握了概括,第一段就不成問題咯!

        其次,Paraphrase,也就是改寫。掌握好了改寫句子,你寫起文章來(lái)將會(huì)感覺到如魚得水,游刃有余。 改寫其實(shí)主要有下面的兩種方法:

        第一,使用不同的詞匯

        a.使用同義詞,比如以下的一些寫作高頻詞匯的同義詞,你一定要掌握,出現(xiàn)的尤為頻繁。
        important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,
        think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out
        nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years,these days

        b.改變?cè)~性,這是一種稍微難一些的方法,要求你的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)非常好,你才能靈活自如的運(yùn)用。
        n. → v.
        Eg:When we look at a comparison between Aand B…
        When we compare A and B…
        Adj. → n.
        There are a variety of solutions to the problem.
        There are various solutions to the problem.

        c.使用不同的承接詞。承接詞在文章當(dāng)中的使用相當(dāng)頻繁,不僅是段落和段落的連接,還包括句子和句子的連接。背住一些常用的承接詞比你的改寫將會(huì)有極大的作用。
        because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for
        but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas
        so→ therefore, hence, thus, consequently

        d.形容詞的逆向表達(dá)。在某些形容詞上進(jìn)行修改,會(huì)達(dá)到非比尋常的效果。
        Eg: not as easyas…→more difficult than…
        Not uncommon→common
        Thecheapest → the least expensive

        第二,使用不同的句型

        a. 改變?cè)~序。這是非常簡(jiǎn)單的一種方法,完全不用動(dòng)腦筋就可以進(jìn)行改寫。常常將句子中的狀語(yǔ)(包括狀語(yǔ)從句)換位置。
        Eg: For manyyears, people have believed ….
        →People believed… for many years.
        After this programs has been solved, work on … can continue.

        b. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的互相替換Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.
        →This research was performed by trained scientists.

        c. 使用“there be” 句型,可以將一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,馬上變成一個(gè)加入定語(yǔ)從句或者分詞的復(fù)雜句。Eg: Severalcomputer programs can be used to solve this problem.
        →There areseveral computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.或There areseveral computer programs used to solve this problem.

        d.定語(yǔ)從句,分詞和插入語(yǔ)的互相替換
        Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004,shows that…
        →Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004,shows that…
        Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in theworld, has…
        →This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

        Cite即引用。綜合寫作乃客觀寫作,只是一個(gè)旁觀者的角度對(duì)這兩篇文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描述,因此,某觀點(diǎn)是出自哪篇文章一定要說(shuō)清楚。所以,下面的這些句型在綜合寫作中必不可缺。

        a.According to+noun.
        Eg: According to thepassage/lecture/author/professor,…

        b.Subject+verbs of reporting+that clause
        Eg: The authortells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/pointsout/thinks/believes that…
        或The speakeragrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….

        c.As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in thepassage/lecture,...

        Synthesize即連接。具體來(lái)講,就是承接詞的使用是相當(dāng)重要的,將文章當(dāng)中的重要信息連接起來(lái),體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)于兩篇文章的理解正確,說(shuō)明作者的思路清楚。由于綜合寫作是對(duì)兩篇文章的比較,所以下面表對(duì)比和遞進(jìn)的承接詞使用的最頻繁。

        a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand,in contrast, on the contrary

        b.Transitional words showingaddition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well

        現(xiàn)在,是不是感覺清晰很多了呢?也沒有那么懼怕綜合寫作了呢?相信只要你掌握了上述四大技巧,綜合寫作對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)將不再是個(gè)難以跨越的關(guān)口。

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